The history of Mexico, a country in the southern portion of North America, covers a period of more than three millennia. First populated more than 13,00 years ago. The territory had complex indigenous civilizations before being conquered and colonized by the Spanish in the 16 century. The Aztecs capital of Tenochtitlan became the Spanish capital of Mexico, which remained the most populous city in Mexico. During world war 2, Mexico strongly allies of the united states and benefited significantly by supplying metals to build war material as well as the guest farm. workers, who freed U.S. American men to fight in the two-front war. Mexico emerged from world war 2 with wealth and political stability and unleashed a major period of economic growth, and were called a Mexican miracle. It was organized around the principles of import substitution industrialization. A new era began in Mexico then the fraudulent 1988 presidential elections. The institutional revolutionary party barely won the presidential election. President Carlos Salinas de Gorter began implementing sweeping neoliberal reforms in Mexico.